Precautions for Using Pneumatic Fenders

Pneumatic fenders, also known as marine fenders, are essential for protecting vessels and offshore structures from collisions and impacts during berthing, mooring, and offshore operations. To ensure their safe and effective use, it is crucial to follow proper guidelines and precautions. Below are key considerations for using pneumatic fenders:

1. Proper Selection

• Size and Capacity: Choose the appropriate fender size and energy absorption capacity based on the vessel’s size, weight, and operating conditions.
• Type of Fender: Select the right type of pneumatic fender (e.g., Yokohama-type, cylindrical, or cell-type) for the specific application, such as ship-to-ship transfer, berthing, or offshore operations.

2. Inspection Before Use

Before deploying pneumatic fenders, conduct a thorough inspection to ensure they are in good condition:

• Surface Damage: Check for cuts, abrasions, or cracks on the outer rubber layer.
• Valve and Air Pressure: Inspect the valve for leaks and ensure the fender is inflated to the recommended pressure.
• Bridle and Lines: Verify that the bridle ropes, chains, or lines are intact and free from wear or corrosion.
• Internal Damage: If the fender shows signs of deformation or uneven inflation, it may indicate internal damage, and the fender should not be used.

3. Inflation and Pressure Management

• Correct Pressure: Inflate the fender to the manufacturer’s recommended pressure. Overinflation can cause bursting, while underinflation reduces energy absorption capacity.
• Pressure Monitoring: Regularly check the air pressure during use, especially in extreme temperatures, as pressure can fluctuate with temperature changes.
• Avoid Overloading: Ensure the fender is not subjected to forces exceeding its rated capacity.

4. Proper Deployment

• Positioning: Position the fender correctly between the vessel and the structure to ensure even distribution of impact forces.
• Alignment: Ensure the fender is aligned properly to avoid twisting or uneven stress.
• Multiple Fenders: When using multiple fenders, space them evenly to distribute the load effectively.

5. Handling and Storage

• Avoid Sharp Objects: Keep fenders away from sharp edges, protrusions, or abrasive surfaces that could cause punctures or cuts.
• Lifting and Moving: Use appropriate lifting equipment and techniques to avoid dropping or dragging fenders.
• Storage Conditions: Store fenders in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, chemicals, and extreme temperatures. Inflate them slightly to maintain their shape and prevent creasing.

6. Environmental Considerations

• Temperature: Be aware that extreme cold can reduce the elasticity of the rubber, while extreme heat can increase internal pressure.
• UV Exposure: Prolonged exposure to sunlight can degrade the rubber material. Use protective covers if fenders are stored outdoors for extended periods.
• Saltwater and Chemicals: Rinse fenders with fresh water after use in saltwater or exposure to chemicals to prevent corrosion and material degradation.

7. Regular Maintenance

• Cleaning: Clean fenders regularly with fresh water and mild detergent to remove dirt, salt, and debris.
• Inspection: Conduct routine inspections for wear and tear, especially after heavy use or impact events.
• Repair: Address minor damage promptly using repair kits or professional services. Replace fenders with significant damage or aging.

8. Safety Precautions

• Training: Ensure operators are trained in the proper handling, deployment, and maintenance of pneumatic fenders.
• Emergency Procedures: Have a plan in place for dealing with fender failure, such as sudden deflation or bursting.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Use appropriate PPE, such as gloves and safety glasses, when handling fenders.

Conclusion

Pneumatic fenders are critical for ensuring the safety of vessels and offshore structures. By following these precautions—proper selection, inspection, inflation, deployment, handling, and maintenance—you can maximize the performance and lifespan of pneumatic fenders while minimizing the risk of accidents or damage. Always refer to the manufacturer’s guidelines for specific recommendations tailored to your fenders and operating conditions.